利用上海3臺SAFIR3000閃電定位儀的測量數據、計算機軟件技術和數據統計方法對上海地區云地閃的分布規律進行了研究,得出了以下結論:①受地形地貌及高大建筑的影響,上海地區的云地閃分布規律是南北多,東西少,城區多,郊區少;②在郊區發生的云地閃密度雖然低于城區,但是其雷電流的平均強度要高于城區;③上海地區14:00~21:00是云地閃發生最為頻繁的時間段。雷暴日是用于表征某地雷電活動的頻繁程度并據此進行風險評估及確定雷電防護等級的一個重要參數,但此參數在實際應用過程中存在著一些問題,文章提出了用“閃電密度”或者“地閃密度”代替雷暴日的設想。
By means of the software programming and statistic methods, the data collected by three SAFIR3000 thunderstorm sensors are studied. Some useful conclusions about the distribution regularities of cloudtoground flushes in the Shanghai area are obtained: (1) because of the topography and high buildings in Shanghai, there occur more frequently lightning flushes in the north and south parts than in east and west parts, more frequently in the urban areas than in the rural areas; (2) although there are less flushes in the rural areas, the current is more powerful than that in the urban areas; (3) cloudtoground flushes happen mostly from 14:00 to 21:00. The number of lightning days is an important parameter that can be used to express the frequency of local lightning activity, but there are some problems in the use of this parameter in lightningprotection grade estimation and risk assessment. A suggestion to replace the number of lightning days with lightning density is presented and discussed.
高磊,潘解祥.城區與郊區不同地形地貌下云地閃分布規律初步研究[J].氣象科技,2009,37(6):729~733
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